MS Treatments: Managing Symptoms and Slowing Progression
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex condition with no known cure, but various treatments are available to manage its symptoms and progression. These range from disease-modifying therapies to rehabilitation and lifestyle changes.
When relapses occur, treatments like corticosteroids, ACTH, plasmapheresis, and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) are used to reduce inflammation and ease symptoms. Stem cell therapy, particularly mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy, shows promise in treating neural damage, potentially reducing or preventing central nervous system (CNS) damage.
Disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) are crucial in reducing the frequency and severity of MS episodes, lesions, and symptoms. They come in injectable, intravenous, and oral forms. Physical therapy also plays a significant role in preventing muscle contractions and atrophy during relapses, improving strength, physical function, and balance.
Symptom management includes muscle relaxants for pain and muscle problems, modafinil and amantadine for fatigue, and various medications for bladder and bowel issues. Complementary and natural therapies, such as rehabilitation and exercise, can further enhance the quality of life for people with MS. Working closely with a doctor helps develop a personalized treatment plan that addresses medical issues and improves both physical symptoms and emotional outlook.
Notably, the drug daclizumab, manufactured by Biogen, was once available but withdrawn from the market in 2018.
While there is no cure for MS, a combination of treatments focusing on slowing progression and managing symptoms can significantly improve the lives of those affected. It is crucial to work with healthcare professionals to find the most effective treatment plan, considering the individual's needs and the potential side effects, which may include nausea, headaches, increased risk of infections, and flu-like symptoms related to infections.
