Gigantism: Rare Growth Condition in Children Requires Prompt Treatment
Gigantism, a rare condition causing abnormal growth in children, primarily affects height and girth. It results from excessive growth hormone production by the pituitary gland. The most common cause is a pituitary gland tumor, with early diagnosis and prompt treatment crucial to stop or slow abnormal growth.
A pituitary gland tumor is the most frequent cause of gigantism. Symptoms include large hands and feet, thick toes and fingers, prominent jaw and forehead, and coarse facial features. Other causes are McCune-Albright syndrome, Carney complex, Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1, and Neurofibromatosis.
Treatment options vary. Surgery is preferred if the tumor is the cause, boasting an 80% cure rate for the most common type. Medications like octreotide, lanreotide, bromocriptine, cabergoline, and pegvisomant may be used if surgery isn't possible or if the tumor returns. Gamma knife radiosurgery is another option, but it may have side effects like obesity, learning disabilities, and emotional issues.
Gigantism is a serious condition that requires prompt medical attention. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment, such as surgery or medication, can halt or slow abnormal growth. While rare, it's important for parents and guardians to be aware of the symptoms and seek professional help if necessary.
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