Dark Skin Hyperpigmentation: Crucial Facts to Understand
In the realm of skincare, hyperpigmentation is a common concern, particularly among People of Color. This condition, characterised by the appearance of darkened patches on the skin, can occur due to various factors such as hereditary factors, trauma to the skin, medication, or hormonal changes [1].
Hyperpigmentation often manifests as discoloration that is darker than the surrounding skin and generally flat. It is not uncommon for this mask-like discoloration to appear across the lower portion of the face and the forehead [2].
While hyperpigmentation is not harmful, it can cause some people to feel anxious or self-conscious about their appearance. Fortunately, there are several treatment methods available, especially for dark skin.
When it comes to topical treatments, gentle brightening agents such as licorice extract, alpha arbutin, vitamin C, kojic acid, and medical-grade creams containing hydroquinone and retinoids are often used. These agents help reduce melanin production and promote an even skin tone, but must be chosen carefully for dark skin to avoid irritation [1][2][4].
Chemical peels using acids like glycolic, lactic, or trichloroacetic acid are also effective. However, for darker skin, superficial or mild peels are preferred to reduce the risk of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation [1][2][4].
Laser therapy requires special consideration due to higher melanin levels in darker skin tones. Safer options include Nd:YAG lasers, fractional lasers, and gentler treatments like Clear + Brilliant or PicoSure lasers. These lasers break down excess melanin with lower risk of adverse effects [1][3][4].
Microneedling combined with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) encourages skin renewal and collagen synthesis, helping fade dark spots without resurfacing layers aggressively, making it suitable for darker skin [1].
Microdermabrasion or dermabrasion, physical exfoliation methods, can diminish pigmentation by removing upper skin layers. However, they should be used cautiously, as darker skin is prone to irritation and worsening pigmentation [1][2].
Sun protection is crucial in preventing further darkening. Use daily broad-spectrum tinted sunscreens with iron oxides that block UVA, UVB, and visible light, which can exacerbate hyperpigmentation in darker skin types [5].
Addressing the underlying cause of hyperpigmentation is also essential before starting treatments. This could be acne, eczema, medication effects, or hormonal changes [5].
Given the increased risk of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation in dark skin, professional consultation is highly recommended to select appropriate treatments and avoid worsening discoloration [4]. Combining treatments for gradual, controlled improvement is often more effective and safer than aggressive single approaches.
In some cases, a healthcare professional may adjust medication levels to prevent worsening of hyperpigmentation from medication or hormones. For discoloration deep in the skin, it can take years for the darkened color to fade [1].
If hyperpigmented areas are not fading or a person has a suspected underlying medical condition, they should consult a healthcare professional about developing a treatment plan. To diagnose hyperpigmentation, a healthcare professional will check for areas where the skin is darker than the skin surrounding it and may ask about the progression of the discoloration, current medications, diet, and any other symptoms [6].
It is important to remember that everyone's skin is unique, and what works for one person may not work for another. Thus, it is crucial to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any treatment regimen.
References:
[1] https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/melasma-treatment/treatment/overview [2] https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/melasma-treatment/treatment/overview [3] https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/melasma-treatment/treatment/overview [4] https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/melasma-treatment/treatment/overview [5] https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/melasma-treatment/treatment/overview [6] https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/melasma-treatment/treatment/overview
- Skincare related to beauty and health-and-wellness often involves addressing conditions like hyperpigmentation, especially for People of Color, which presents as darkened patches on the skin, often on the lower face and forehead.
- The science behind skincare has developed various treatments for hyperpigmentation, such as topical agents like licorice extract, alpha arbutin, vitamin C, kojic acid, hydroquinone, retinoids, chemical peels, laser therapy, microneedling with PRP, and even microdermabrasion, all chosen carefully for dark skin to avoid irritation.
- In the realm of medical-conditions, post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation is a concern for darker skin types, which can be worsened by inappropriate treatments or excessive sun exposure.
- It is crucial to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any skincare regimen, as everyone's skin is unique and what works for one person may not work for another, and professional guidance can help prevent worsening discoloration and ensure appropriate treatment for underlying medical conditions.
