Anticipated hip replacement recovery process: Insights on post-surgery progression
After undergoing hip replacement surgery, the recovery process varies for each individual. Most people can engage in light activities within three to six weeks post-surgery, although specific activities may need to be avoided during the initial recovery period.
Preparation for hip replacement surgery is crucial, with steps taken before the operation affecting the length of the recovery process. According to the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons (AAOS), a patient can resume daily living and light activities independently within this time frame. However, the specific steps taken prior to surgery play a significant role in the overall recovery timeline.
Before surgical intervention, it is essential to prepare the body for a partial or total hip replacement. This process can help reduce the risk of complications and expedite recovery. Preparation for surgery is similar regardless of whether a partial or total replacement is being performed.
People can take several steps to prepare for their surgery:
- discuss the procedure with their doctor and healthcare team, and research what to expect during and after the procedure
- ask their doctor about exercises that can strengthen their legs, core, and upper body in preparation for surgery
- maintain a moderate weight, as this reduces the risk of complications during surgery
- limit or stop smoking
- arrange for someone to help with day-to-day activities for the week or two following the patient's return home
- prepare meals in advance for greater convenience after returning home
- modify the home to improve accessibility and convenience, such as securing a raised toilet seat, safety bars in the bathroom, a walker or crutches.
Following the surgery, most patients remain in the hospital for one to two days. Some people may even go home the same day as their surgery. In the days after the operation, doctors typically administer pain relievers, which can include opioids, local anesthetic, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and acetaminophen. The incision is usually closed with staples or stitches and requires wound care at home for about two weeks.
Healthcare professionals will help the patient to get up and move around as soon as possible after the surgery. A person may even be able to walk short distances with assistance on the same day as the operation, although this can initially feel painful or uncomfortable. A physiotherapist may show the person how to exercise the affected leg to strengthen the hip and advise them on what activities to avoid. They may also demonstrate safe sitting and bending positions to avoid damaging the new hip.
Upon returning home, a person may require help with daily tasks for several weeks or may need to stay in a rehabilitation facility. People may experience some pain and discomfort for several weeks and should continue taking any prescription medications. They may attend physical therapy or be required to perform exercises at home that their physical therapist has recommended. Daily exercises will aid recovery, improve flexibility, and strengthen the new joint.
By ten to fourteen days after surgery, the stitches are usually no longer present, and pain and swelling may begin to subside (although this may take longer for some individuals). At this stage, activity levels may vary between individuals. Some may find it easier to move about without assistance, while others may still need a cane or walker during this early recovery period.
Within three to six weeks, many people can generally resume light activities of daily living. They may feel stronger, more stable, and comfortable putting more weight on their leg. They may also be able to resume some basic self-care and light chores. After six weeks, many people may feel ready to return to work, although this may vary. After six to eight weeks, people may be able to safely have sex again.
People should continue physical therapy as their physical therapist recommends, for at least two months after surgery. They can speak with their doctor about when it is safe to do additional exercise, such as swimming and walking. After three months, a person may be able to resume daily activities, provided they consult their doctor about when to reduce or stop physical therapy and resume low-impact sports.
• follow physical therapy exercises as a physical therapist instructs• try other gentle exercises, such as daily walking• sit in a reclining position• use a cold compress to reduce swelling• take any prescription medications as a doctor instructs• use walking aids, such as crutches, if necessary
Recovery can vary between individuals, so it is essential to consult a doctor for an evaluation of progress and to discuss the types of physical therapy that will be most beneficial.
Paths to improve recovery include following physical therapy exercises as instructed, trying gentle exercises like daily walking, sitting in a reclining position, using a cold compress to reduce swelling, and taking any prescribed medications. It is advised to avoid sitting still for extended periods, crossing the legs at the knee, bending the hip more than 90 degrees, bending down to touch the feet or ankles, sitting in low chairs, intense exercise, which may involve jumping or sudden turns, moving or lifting heavy objects, standing on one leg, or leaning on the affected leg.
• sitting still for long periods• crossing the legs at the knee• bending the hip more than 90 degrees• bending down to touch the feet or ankles• sitting in low chairs• intense exercise, which may involve jumping or sudden turns• moving or lifting heavy objects
Recovery is generally free of complications in young and older adults, although comorbid illnesses may adversely affect this in older adults. These may include heart and lung disease, clogged arteries, and high blood pressure. It is essential to discuss these and other health concerns with a doctor for diagnostic tests and treatments.
In people under 20 years old, it is traditionally not recommended to undergo hip replacements due to unfavorable outcomes. However, some patients under 20 may require a total hip replacement due to a condition called osteonecrosis of the femoral head, in which the femoral head—the top part of the thigh bone—collapses. These cases can have favorable outcomes, with a total hip replacement relieving pain and restoring function. Modern hip replacement implants are leading to improved outcomes and survival rates in younger populations.
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